PLOT s/4TTE-H4

Jawbone Marine Sanctuary Management Plan (June 2007)

Source: government report. A source is where claims come from; it is not itself a claim.

Published by: Parks Victoria
Date or edition: not recorded
Licence: CC-BY-4.0
How PLOT found it: Found before the sourcing protocol existed; a retrospective run records that honestly
Stored copy: retrieved 2026-10-19, 71 pages · sha256 ffc5240d23d9…
Supports: 17 published claims about Jawbone Marine Sanctuary
Original: https://www.parks.vic.gov.au/-/media/project/pv/main/parks/documents/management-plans/resource-library/jawbone-marine-sanctuary---management-plan---2007.pdf (on parks.vic.gov.au)

Cite as: Parks Victoria, Jawbone Marine Sanctuary Management Plan (June 2007). PLOT source s/4TTE-H4

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PDF page 31 of 71 · printed 19

Snippets on this page (1)

Over 120 bird species were recorded within the Jawbone area in 1989 (CFL 1989) and over 140 by the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands in 2003 (R. Leppitt pers. comm.).
- c/Y7GW-CX Parks Victoria's 2007 plan reports that over 120 bird species were recorded in the Jawbone area in 1989.
- c/DKMP-ZJ Parks Victoria's 2007 plan reports that the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands had recorded over 140 bird species in the Jawbone area by 2003.
- c/YCS3-0E Parks Victoria says Red-necked Stints arrive from Alaska and Siberia to feed in the sanctuary's intertidal areas and saltmarsh during the Australian summer.

Text of this page

Strategies for natural values conservation

Nerite, Striped-mouth Conniwink, Ribbed and
Zebra top shells (Hart et al. 2003). Carnivorous
molluscs, including Wine-mouthed Lepsiella,
and the encrusting tubeworm Galeolaria,
occur in the lower intertidal area.
Key threatening processes for the intertidal
reefs and associated communities include
changes in tidal patterns, marine pests (section
4.6), pollution (section 4.2), trampling (section
6.1), and illegal removal of biota, in particular
shellfish for food or bait (Keough & Quinn
2000).
The subtidal reef consists of large basalt
boulders providing a complex habitat. The
algal assemblage is characterised by low
abundance of large algal species and is instead
dominated by low turfs of the filamentous
brown algae Ectocarpales spp. The presence of
Ectocarpales spp. in high abundance is often
an indicator of high nutrient concentrations
and may reflect a large estuarine influence of
nearby Kororoit Creek (Hart et al. 2003)
(section 4.2). A variety of other algal species
cover the reef including the iridescent Dictyota
dichotoma, Ulva spp. and red algal species.
The subtidal reef is also covered by sponges,
encrusting coralline algae and large areas of
the temperate hard coral Plesiastrea versipora
(Hart et al. 2003). These provide habitat for
many sessile invertebrates, including the very
abundant Common Sea Urchin and Black-lip
Abalone as well as many crustaceans, seastars,
molluscs and nudibranchs (Riley & Riley
2003). Common fish species include the
Southern Hulafish, Zebra Fish, Dusky
Morwong and Six-spined Leatherjacket
(Plumber et al. 2003, R. Leppitt pers. comm.).
Key threatening processes for the subtidal
reefs and associated communities include
altered tidal patterns (section 4.3), marine pests
(section 4.6), pollution and stormwater (section
4.2), sedimentation from dredging, diver
damage (section 6.2), and illegal removal of
biota for collection, bait or food.
Water column communities

The water column of the sanctuary has both
planktonic and free-swimming species.
Planktonic species are poor swimmers and are
largely dependent on currents for movement,
nutrients and food. Plankton primarily consists
of microscopic animals, such as copepods, and
plants, such as diatoms. Larger animals, such

Jawbone Marine Sanctuary

as jellyfish and ctenophores, also form part of
the plankton. Many organisms spend the early
stage of their life in the plankton before
returning as recruits to the adult habitat.
Common free-swimming animals include
squid, sharks, rays and bony fish such as
whiting, garfish and mullet.
Marine mammals such as Bottlenose Dolphins
and seals are commonly seen in Port Phillip
and potentially use the sanctuary or nearby
waters; other large mammals may pass close to
the sanctuary. All whales and dolphins are
protected under the Wildlife Act 1975 (Vic.)
and the Wildlife (Whale) Regulations 1998
(Vic.). Under this legislation the minimum
approach distances for whales and dolphins are
30 m for swimmers and divers, 50 m for
surfers and 100 m for recreational and
commercial vessels, including personal water
craft and motorised swimming aids.
The Victorian Cetacean Contingency Plan
(NRE 1999c) specifies arrangements for
dealing with marine mammals that become
stranded, entrapped, entangled or wounded.
The Wildlife Response Plan for Oil Spills
(NRE 1997a) guides the rescue and treatment
of injured or oiled wildlife.
Seabirds and shorebirds

The sanctuary encompasses the eastern end of
a nationally significant shorebird feeding area
that extends from Williamstown to Altona
(Garnett et al. 1986; Plummer et al. 2003). The
Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and
Bellarine Peninsula Ramsar Site extends south
from Altona to Limeburners Bay. The
combination of the geomorphological
landform and vegetation of the rocky reef,
mangroves and saltmarsh as well as the other
diverse intertidal habitats including seagrass
beds, mudflats, and sandy beach of the
sanctuary form an important feeding and
roosting area for local and migratory seabirds
and shorebirds.
Over 120 bird species were recorded within the
Jawbone area in 1989 (CFL 1989) and over
140 by the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands
in 2003 (R. Leppitt pers. comm.). Many of
these birds are migratory waders including
Red-necked Stint, Curlew, and Sharp-tailed
Sandpiper, which feed on the intertidal
mudflats at Wader Beach and roost on the
beach or nearby rocks. The large basalt

19

All snippets cited by published claims (9)

The sanctuary (30 ha) begins at the onshore sign west of the fishing clubs in Bayview St, and runs west 1.9 km along the foreshore around the Jawbone to the onshore sign on the wader beach south of McGuire Crescent.
- c/86WA-AT Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan gives Jawbone Marine Sanctuary's area as 30 ha.
The sanctuary is adjoined by Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve
- c/3PPZ-R4 Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoins Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve.
No quoted text at this locator.
- c/XHH0-MA PLOT groups “Jawbone white mangrove and saltmarsh community” as saltmarsh, from the habitat named in its source.
- c/NCGG-Q9 PLOT groups “Jawbone white mangrove and saltmarsh community” as mangrove, from the habitat named in its source.
- c/XGCG-ET Parks Victoria says Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains saltmarsh and the largest area of mangroves in Port Phillip, the only Victorian mangroves growing on a basalt coast.
The Parks Victoria Act 1998 (Vic.) enables management services for Jawbone Marine Sanctuary to be provided by Parks Victoria on behalf of the Secretary to DSE.
- c/A9HD-2F Parks Victoria manages Jawbone Marine Sanctuary under the Parks Victoria Act 1998.
Extensive intertidal and subtidal reefs in the sanctuary occupy half of the sanctuary (15 ha)
- c/QZ53-E0 Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan says intertidal and subtidal basalt reefs occupy about half of the sanctuary, 15 ha.
- c/R9ZE-GD Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains intertidal and subtidal basalt reefs.
- c/ZZ2G-VB PLOT groups “Jawbone Marine Sanctuary basalt reefs” as rocky reef, from the habitat named in its source.
The subtidal and intertidal soft sediments of the sanctuary also support two hectares of seagrass beds mainly in Jawbone Bay and Wader Beach.
- c/RX1S-E0 Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan says the sanctuary supports about two hectares of seagrass beds, mainly in Jawbone Bay and at Wader Beach.
- c/503D-AH Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains seagrass beds, mainly in Jawbone Bay and at Wader Beach.
- c/RQRP-0Z PLOT groups “Jawbone Marine Sanctuary seagrass beds” as seagrass, from the habitat named in its source.
Over 120 bird species were recorded within the Jawbone area in 1989 (CFL 1989) and over 140 by the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands in 2003 (R. Leppitt pers. comm.).
- c/Y7GW-CX Parks Victoria's 2007 plan reports that over 120 bird species were recorded in the Jawbone area in 1989.
- c/DKMP-ZJ Parks Victoria's 2007 plan reports that the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands had recorded over 140 bird species in the Jawbone area by 2003.
- c/YCS3-0E Parks Victoria says Red-necked Stints arrive from Alaska and Siberia to feed in the sanctuary's intertidal areas and saltmarsh during the Australian summer.
Hobsons Bay Planning Scheme (HBCC 2006a) regulates developments on the adjacent foreshore to protect the sanctuary’s landscapes
- c/VKPB-4Z Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoins Hobsons Bay: Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan says the Hobsons Bay Planning Scheme regulates developments on the sanctuary's adjacent foreshore.
Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve, adjacent to the sanctuary, is reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 (Vic.) and managed by Parks Victoria.
- c/13R6-6J Parks Victoria's 2007 plan says Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve is reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 and managed by Parks Victoria.

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Jawbone Marine Sanctuary Management Plan (June 2007)

Source: government report. A source is where claims come from; it is not itself a claim.

Cite as: Parks Victoria, Jawbone Marine Sanctuary Management Plan (June 2007). PLOT source s/4TTE-H4

Strategies for natural values conservation Nerite, Striped-mouth Conniwink, Ribbed and Zebra top shells (Hart et al. 2003). Carnivorous molluscs, including Wine-mouthed Lepsiella, and the encrusting tubeworm Galeolaria, occur in the lower intertidal area. Key threatening processes for the intertidal reefs and associated communities include changes in tidal patterns, marine pests (section 4.6), pollution (section 4.2), trampling (section 6.1), and illegal removal of biota, in particular shellfish for food or bait (Keough & Quinn 2000). The subtidal reef consists of large basalt boulders providing a complex habitat. The algal assemblage is characterised by low abundance of large algal species and is instead dominated by low turfs of the filamentous brown algae Ectocarpales spp. The presence of Ectocarpales spp. in high abundance is often an indicator of high nutrient concentrations and may reflect a large estuarine influence of nearby Kororoit Creek (Hart et al. 2003) (section 4.2). A variety of other algal species cover the reef including the iridescent Dictyota dichotoma, Ulva spp. and red algal species. The subtidal reef is also covered by sponges, encrusting coralline algae and large areas of the temperate hard coral Plesiastrea versipora (Hart et al. 2003). These provide habitat for many sessile invertebrates, including the very abundant Common Sea Urchin and Black-lip Abalone as well as many crustaceans, seastars, molluscs and nudibranchs (Riley & Riley 2003). Common fish species include the Southern Hulafish, Zebra Fish, Dusky Morwong and Six-spined Leatherjacket (Plumber et al. 2003, R. Leppitt pers. comm.). Key threatening processes for the subtidal reefs and associated communities include altered tidal patterns (section 4.3), marine pests (section 4.6), pollution and stormwater (section 4.2), sedimentation from dredging, diver damage (section 6.2), and illegal removal of biota for collection, bait or food. Water column communities The water column of the sanctuary has both planktonic and free-swimming species. Planktonic species are poor swimmers and are largely dependent on currents for movement, nutrients and food. Plankton primarily consists of microscopic animals, such as copepods, and plants, such as diatoms. Larger animals, such Jawbone Marine Sanctuary as jellyfish and ctenophores, also form part of the plankton. Many organisms spend the early stage of their life in the plankton before returning as recruits to the adult habitat. Common free-swimming animals include squid, sharks, rays and bony fish such as whiting, garfish and mullet. Marine mammals such as Bottlenose Dolphins and seals are commonly seen in Port Phillip and potentially use the sanctuary or nearby waters; other large mammals may pass close to the sanctuary. All whales and dolphins are protected under the Wildlife Act 1975 (Vic.) and the Wildlife (Whale) Regulations 1998 (Vic.). Under this legislation the minimum approach distances for whales and dolphins are 30 m for swimmers and divers, 50 m for surfers and 100 m for recreational and commercial vessels, including personal water craft and motorised swimming aids. The Victorian Cetacean Contingency Plan (NRE 1999c) specifies arrangements for dealing with marine mammals that become stranded, entrapped, entangled or wounded. The Wildlife Response Plan for Oil Spills (NRE 1997a) guides the rescue and treatment of injured or oiled wildlife. Seabirds and shorebirds The sanctuary encompasses the eastern end of a nationally significant shorebird feeding area that extends from Williamstown to Altona (Garnett et al. 1986; Plummer et al. 2003). The Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and Bellarine Peninsula Ramsar Site extends south from Altona to Limeburners Bay. The combination of the geomorphological landform and vegetation of the rocky reef, mangroves and saltmarsh as well as the other diverse intertidal habitats including seagrass beds, mudflats, and sandy beach of the sanctuary form an important feeding and roosting area for local and migratory seabirds and shorebirds. Over 120 bird species were recorded within the Jawbone area in 1989 (CFL 1989) and over 140 by the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands in 2003 (R. Leppitt pers. comm.). Many of these birds are migratory waders including Red-necked Stint, Curlew, and Sharp-tailed Sandpiper, which feed on the intertidal mudflats at Wader Beach and roost on the beach or nearby rocks. The large basalt 19

All snippets cited by published claims (9)

The sanctuary (30 ha) begins at the onshore sign west of the fishing clubs in Bayview St, and runs west 1.9 km along the foreshore around the Jawbone to the onshore sign on the wader beach south of McGuire Crescent.

c/86WA-AT Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan gives Jawbone Marine Sanctuary's area as 30 ha.

The sanctuary is adjoined by Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve

c/3PPZ-R4 Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoins Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve.

No quoted text at this locator.

c/XHH0-MA PLOT groups “Jawbone white mangrove and saltmarsh community” as saltmarsh, from the habitat named in its source.
c/NCGG-Q9 PLOT groups “Jawbone white mangrove and saltmarsh community” as mangrove, from the habitat named in its source.
c/XGCG-ET Parks Victoria says Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains saltmarsh and the largest area of mangroves in Port Phillip, the only Victorian mangroves growing on a basalt coast.

The Parks Victoria Act 1998 (Vic.) enables management services for Jawbone Marine Sanctuary to be provided by Parks Victoria on behalf of the Secretary to DSE.

c/A9HD-2F Parks Victoria manages Jawbone Marine Sanctuary under the Parks Victoria Act 1998.

Extensive intertidal and subtidal reefs in the sanctuary occupy half of the sanctuary (15 ha)

c/QZ53-E0 Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan says intertidal and subtidal basalt reefs occupy about half of the sanctuary, 15 ha.
c/R9ZE-GD Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains intertidal and subtidal basalt reefs.
c/ZZ2G-VB PLOT groups “Jawbone Marine Sanctuary basalt reefs” as rocky reef, from the habitat named in its source.

The subtidal and intertidal soft sediments of the sanctuary also support two hectares of seagrass beds mainly in Jawbone Bay and Wader Beach.

c/RX1S-E0 Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan says the sanctuary supports about two hectares of seagrass beds, mainly in Jawbone Bay and at Wader Beach.
c/503D-AH Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains seagrass beds, mainly in Jawbone Bay and at Wader Beach.
c/RQRP-0Z PLOT groups “Jawbone Marine Sanctuary seagrass beds” as seagrass, from the habitat named in its source.

Over 120 bird species were recorded within the Jawbone area in 1989 (CFL 1989) and over 140 by the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands in 2003 (R. Leppitt pers. comm.).

c/Y7GW-CX Parks Victoria's 2007 plan reports that over 120 bird species were recorded in the Jawbone area in 1989.
c/DKMP-ZJ Parks Victoria's 2007 plan reports that the Friends of Williamstown Wetlands had recorded over 140 bird species in the Jawbone area by 2003.
c/YCS3-0E Parks Victoria says Red-necked Stints arrive from Alaska and Siberia to feed in the sanctuary's intertidal areas and saltmarsh during the Australian summer.

Hobsons Bay Planning Scheme (HBCC 2006a) regulates developments on the adjacent foreshore to protect the sanctuary’s landscapes

c/VKPB-4Z Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoins Hobsons Bay: Parks Victoria's 2007 management plan says the Hobsons Bay Planning Scheme regulates developments on the sanctuary's adjacent foreshore.

Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve, adjacent to the sanctuary, is reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 (Vic.) and managed by Parks Victoria.

c/13R6-6J Parks Victoria's 2007 plan says Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve is reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 and managed by Parks Victoria.