PLOT s/DR5B-0E

Marine Natural Values Study Summary: Jawbone Marine Sanctuary

Source: government report. A source is where claims come from; it is not itself a claim.

Published by: Parks Victoria (with Deakin University)
Date or edition: not recorded
Licence: CC-BY-4.0
How PLOT found it: Found before the sourcing protocol existed; a retrospective run records that honestly
Stored copy: retrieved 2026-10-21, 3 pages · sha256 a7820ccacb95…
Supports: 5 published claims about Jawbone Marine Sanctuary
Original: https://www.parks.vic.gov.au/-/media/project/pv/main/parks/documents/visitor-guides-and-publications/jawbone-marine-sanctuary/jawbone-marine-sanctuary-natural-values-study.pdf (on parks.vic.gov.au)

Cite as: Parks Victoria (with Deakin University), Marine Natural Values Study Summary: Jawbone Marine Sanctuary. PLOT source s/DR5B-0E

Also as: JSON · Markdown

PDF page 2 of 3

Snippets on this page (2)

More than seventeen species of fish have been observed on the subtidal reefs
- c/FH9D-E9 Parks Victoria's natural values summary says more than seventeen fish species have been observed on the sanctuary's subtidal reefs.
The sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for thirty-six threatened bird species
- c/AVJE-YP Parks Victoria's natural values summary says the sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for 36 threatened bird species.

Text of this page

The mangrove Avicennia marina
grows on the soft sediment between
the massive intertidal basalt boulders.
Associated with the mangroves is an
extensive Wet Saltmarsh herbland
dominated by the beaded glasswort
Sarcocornia quinqueflora and backed
by coastal hypersaline shrubland.
Macroalgae and sessile invertebrate
cover on the intertidal reef is very low
and the cover of sea lettuce Ulva spp.
is ephemeral. Turfing and coralline
algae, seagrass Zostera muelleri and
the calcareous tube-worm Galeolaria
caespitosa are present low in the
intertidal zone.
The mobile invertebrate fauna on
the intertidal reef is dominated
by molluscs including the top shell
Austrocochlea porcata, conniwink
Bembicium spp., black nerite Nerita
atramentosa and variegated limpet
Cellana tramoserica. Also found, in
low abundance, are whelk Lepsiella
vinosa, top shell Austrocochlea
odontis, warrener Turbo undulatus,
limpets Notoacmea mayi, Patelloida
alticostata, Siphonaria spp. and the
seastar Parvulastra exigua.
The introduced green shore crab
Carcinus maenas is found on the
intertidal reefs.
The biscuit seastar Tosia australis is an abundant
invertebrate on the subtidal reefs.
Photo by Australian Marine Ecology.

Much of the subtidal soft sediment
is bare of vegetation, but in the north
west of the sanctuary there is a large
Zostera/ Heterozostera seagrass bed.
The subtidal reef is not diverse, with
low to moderate abundances of the
common kelp Ecklonia radiata, large
browns Sargassum spp, filamentous
brown algae Ectocarpales and often
abundant encrusting coralline algae.
The algal communities are indicative
of high nutrients and low salinities
which suggests a large estuarine
influence from Kororoit Creek.
The invasive marine pest Japanese
kelp Undaria pinnatifida and broccoli
weed Codium fragile subspecies
fragile have been observed in the
sanctuary since 2009.
Sessile invertebrates include the coral
Plesiastrea versipora and sponges.
The mobile invertebrate assemblage
of the subtidal reef is dominated
by the sea urchin Heliocidaris
erythrogramma, seastars Meridiastra
gunnii, M. calcar and Coscinasterias
muricata and blacklip abalone Haliotis
rubra and to a lesser extent the biscuit
star Tosia australis.
The introduced northern Pacific
seastar Asterias amurensis and
European fanworm Sabella
spallanzanii have been observed
sporadically in low numbers
in the sanctuary.

More than seventeen species of fish
have been observed on the subtidal
reefs with the southern hulafish
Trachinops caudimaculatus the most
abundant. Present in very low
abundance are zebrafish Girella zebra,
dusky morwong Dactylophora
nigricans and little rock whiting
Neoodax balteatus.
The water column is home to a variety
of planktonic and pelagic organisms.
Those that make their permanent
home in the water column include sea
jellies, salps, fish, and phytoplankton
and zooplankton. Some seabirds also
use the waters of the sanctuary.
Species and Communities
of Conservation Significance
The sanctuary provides important
feeding and roosting habitat for
thirty-six threatened bird species such
as the critically endangered orangebellied parrot Neophema chrysogaster,
grey-tailed tattler Heteroscelus
brevipes and the intermediate egret
Ardea intermedia.
It protects feeding areas for twentyfour internationally important migrant
bird species, including the black-tailed
godwit Limosa limosa and great knot
Calidris tenuirostris. Five species of
marine flora and fauna are believed
to be at their distributional limits
including the brushtail pipefish
Leptoichthys fistularius.

All snippets cited by published claims (5)

The sanctuary covers 30.5 hectares in the north-west of the bay, offshore from Williamstown.
- c/N0PQ-A8 Parks Victoria's Marine Natural Values Study summary gives Jawbone Marine Sanctuary's area as 30.5 hectares.
The sanctuary abuts the Jawbone Flora and Fauna reserve.
- c/3PPZ-R4 Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoins Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve.
It protects feeding areas for twenty-four internationally important migrant bird species
- c/PTWX-B7 Parks Victoria's natural values summary says the sanctuary protects feeding areas for 24 internationally important migrant bird species.
More than seventeen species of fish have been observed on the subtidal reefs
- c/FH9D-E9 Parks Victoria's natural values summary says more than seventeen fish species have been observed on the sanctuary's subtidal reefs.
The sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for thirty-six threatened bird species
- c/AVJE-YP Parks Victoria's natural values summary says the sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for 36 threatened bird species.

Loading…

Marine Natural Values Study Summary: Jawbone Marine Sanctuary

Source: government report. A source is where claims come from; it is not itself a claim.

Cite as: Parks Victoria (with Deakin University), Marine Natural Values Study Summary: Jawbone Marine Sanctuary. PLOT source s/DR5B-0E

The mangrove Avicennia marina grows on the soft sediment between the massive intertidal basalt boulders. Associated with the mangroves is an extensive Wet Saltmarsh herbland dominated by the beaded glasswort Sarcocornia quinqueflora and backed by coastal hypersaline shrubland. Macroalgae and sessile invertebrate cover on the intertidal reef is very low and the cover of sea lettuce Ulva spp. is ephemeral. Turfing and coralline algae, seagrass Zostera muelleri and the calcareous tube-worm Galeolaria caespitosa are present low in the intertidal zone. The mobile invertebrate fauna on the intertidal reef is dominated by molluscs including the top shell Austrocochlea porcata, conniwink Bembicium spp., black nerite Nerita atramentosa and variegated limpet Cellana tramoserica. Also found, in low abundance, are whelk Lepsiella vinosa, top shell Austrocochlea odontis, warrener Turbo undulatus, limpets Notoacmea mayi, Patelloida alticostata, Siphonaria spp. and the seastar Parvulastra exigua. The introduced green shore crab Carcinus maenas is found on the intertidal reefs. The biscuit seastar Tosia australis is an abundant invertebrate on the subtidal reefs. Photo by Australian Marine Ecology. Much of the subtidal soft sediment is bare of vegetation, but in the north west of the sanctuary there is a large Zostera/ Heterozostera seagrass bed. The subtidal reef is not diverse, with low to moderate abundances of the common kelp Ecklonia radiata, large browns Sargassum spp, filamentous brown algae Ectocarpales and often abundant encrusting coralline algae. The algal communities are indicative of high nutrients and low salinities which suggests a large estuarine influence from Kororoit Creek. The invasive marine pest Japanese kelp Undaria pinnatifida and broccoli weed Codium fragile subspecies fragile have been observed in the sanctuary since 2009. Sessile invertebrates include the coral Plesiastrea versipora and sponges. The mobile invertebrate assemblage of the subtidal reef is dominated by the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma, seastars Meridiastra gunnii, M. calcar and Coscinasterias muricata and blacklip abalone Haliotis rubra and to a lesser extent the biscuit star Tosia australis. The introduced northern Pacific seastar Asterias amurensis and European fanworm Sabella spallanzanii have been observed sporadically in low numbers in the sanctuary. More than seventeen species of fish have been observed on the subtidal reefs with the southern hulafish Trachinops caudimaculatus the most abundant. Present in very low abundance are zebrafish Girella zebra, dusky morwong Dactylophora nigricans and little rock whiting Neoodax balteatus. The water column is home to a variety of planktonic and pelagic organisms. Those that make their permanent home in the water column include sea jellies, salps, fish, and phytoplankton and zooplankton. Some seabirds also use the waters of the sanctuary. Species and Communities of Conservation Significance The sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for thirty-six threatened bird species such as the critically endangered orangebellied parrot Neophema chrysogaster, grey-tailed tattler Heteroscelus brevipes and the intermediate egret Ardea intermedia. It protects feeding areas for twentyfour internationally important migrant bird species, including the black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa and great knot Calidris tenuirostris. Five species of marine flora and fauna are believed to be at their distributional limits including the brushtail pipefish Leptoichthys fistularius.

All snippets cited by published claims (5)

The sanctuary covers 30.5 hectares in the north-west of the bay, offshore from Williamstown.

c/N0PQ-A8 Parks Victoria's Marine Natural Values Study summary gives Jawbone Marine Sanctuary's area as 30.5 hectares.

The sanctuary abuts the Jawbone Flora and Fauna reserve.

c/3PPZ-R4 Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoins Jawbone Flora and Fauna Reserve.

It protects feeding areas for twenty-four internationally important migrant bird species

c/PTWX-B7 Parks Victoria's natural values summary says the sanctuary protects feeding areas for 24 internationally important migrant bird species.

More than seventeen species of fish have been observed on the subtidal reefs

c/FH9D-E9 Parks Victoria's natural values summary says more than seventeen fish species have been observed on the sanctuary's subtidal reefs.

The sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for thirty-six threatened bird species

c/AVJE-YP Parks Victoria's natural values summary says the sanctuary provides important feeding and roosting habitat for 36 threatened bird species.